在并发程序中对PI的错误近似,可以使用以下解决方法:
示例代码:
import threading
lock = threading.Lock()
pi = 0
def calculate_pi(start, end):
global pi
partial_sum = 0
for i in range(start, end):
partial_sum += 4 * (-1) ** i / (2 * i + 1)
with lock:
pi += partial_sum
# 创建多个线程并行计算PI的近似值
threads = []
num_threads = 4
num_iterations = 1000000
for i in range(num_threads):
start = i * (num_iterations // num_threads)
end = (i + 1) * (num_iterations // num_threads)
thread = threading.Thread(target=calculate_pi, args=(start, end))
threads.append(thread)
thread.start()
# 等待所有线程完成
for thread in threads:
thread.join()
print("Approximate value of PI:", pi)
示例代码:
import threading
import ctypes
class AtomicFloat:
def __init__(self, value=0.0):
# 使用ctypes创建一个线程安全的浮点数
self._value = ctypes.c_double(value)
self._lock = threading.Lock()
def add(self, value):
with self._lock:
self._value.value += value
def value(self):
with self._lock:
return self._value.value
pi = AtomicFloat()
def calculate_pi(start, end):
partial_sum = 0
for i in range(start, end):
partial_sum += 4 * (-1) ** i / (2 * i + 1)
pi.add(partial_sum)
# 创建多个线程并行计算PI的近似值
threads = []
num_threads = 4
num_iterations = 1000000
for i in range(num_threads):
start = i * (num_iterations // num_threads)
end = (i + 1) * (num_iterations // num_threads)
thread = threading.Thread(target=calculate_pi, args=(start, end))
threads.append(thread)
thread.start()
# 等待所有线程完成
for thread in threads:
thread.join()
print("Approximate value of PI:", pi.value())
这些示例代码都使用了线程同步机制(锁或原子操作)来保护共享资源,确保在多线程环境下对PI的近似计算是准确的。
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