可以通过手动修改Helm模板来覆盖默认的volumes和volumeMounts配置。在values.yaml中增加如下内容：

# override default volumes and volumeMounts
extraVolumes:
  - name: custom-volume
    # replace with your own volume definition
    hostPath:
      path: /path/to/custom/volume
extraVolumeMounts:
  - name: custom-volume
    # replace with the container path you want to mount
    mountPath: /mnt/custom-volume

然后在Deployment模板中使用extraVolumes和extraVolumeMounts来替换默认的配置：

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: {{ include "airflow.fullname" . }}
  labels:
    {{- include "airflow.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
spec:
  replicas: {{ .Values.replicaCount }}
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      {{- include "airflow.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
  template:
    metadata:
      {{- with .Values.podAnnotations }}
      annotations:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
      {{- end }}
      labels:
        {{- include "airflow.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: {{ .Chart.Name }}
          image: "{{ .Values.image.repository }}:{{ .Values.image.tag }}"
          imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.image.pullPolicy }}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
              name: web
              protocol: TCP
          readinessProbe:
            ...
          livenessProbe:
            ...
          env:
            ...
          volumeMounts:
            {{- range .Values.extraVolumeMounts }}
            - name: {{ .name }}
              mountPath: {{ .mountPath }}
              readOnly: {{ .readOnly | default false }}
            {{- end }}
      volumes:
        {{- range .Values.extraVolumes }}
        - name: {{ .name }}
          {{- with .hostPath }}
          hostPath:
            path: {{ .path }}
            type: {{ .type | default "Directory" }}
          {{- end }}
        {{- end }}

这样就可以在Airflow的Pod中使用自定义的volumes和volumeMounts了。

示例代码：https://github.com/apache/airflow-helm-chart/tree/main/charts/airflow#using-extra-volumes-and-volumemounts