问题的原因是Airflow Dataproc的ServerlessJobOperator（无服务器作业操作器）没有设计用于接受Python参数。但我们可以通过自定义运算符（operator）来解决这个问题。我们可以先定义一个函数，然后把函数名和参数作为字符串参数传递给自定义运算符，并在运算符中将其解析。

以下是一个代码示例：

from airflow.models.baseoperator import BaseOperator
from airflow.utils.decorators import apply_defaults
from google.cloud.dataproc_v1beta2 import Job
from google.protobuf import json_format

class CustomServerlessJobOperator(BaseOperator):
    @apply_defaults
    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        main_class,
        main_jar,
        dataproc_cluster,
        project_id=None,
        region=None,
        data_proc_shared_package=None,
        properties=None,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.main_class = main_class
        self.main_jar = main_jar
        self.dataproc_cluster = dataproc_cluster
        self.project_id = project_id or self.dag.default_args.get("project_id")
        self.region = region or self.dag.default_args.get("region")
        self.data_proc_shared_package = (
            data_proc_shared_package or "com.google.cloud.spark"
        )
        self.properties = properties or {}

    def execute(self, context):
        job_client = JobServiceClient()
        job = Job()
        job.job_placement.cluster_name = self.dataproc_cluster
        job.job_placement.project_id = self.project_id
        job.job_placement.region = self.region
        job.spark_job.spark_class_main = self.main_class
        job.spark_job.main_jar_file_uri = self.main_jar
        job.labels = {"airflow-version": airflow.__version__}
        job.spark_job.properties["spark.jars.packages"] = self.data_proc_shared_package
        job.spark_job.properties.update(self.properties)
        job_json = json_format.MessageToJson(
            job,
            including_default_value_fields=True,
            preserving_proto_field_name=True,
        )
        # 解析函数名和参数
        command = f"pyspark {self.main_jar} {self.main_class} {self.parameters}"
        job.spark_job.args.extend(command.split())
        job_id = job_client.submit_job(
            project_id=self.project_id,
            job_region=self.region,
            job=job,
        ).reference.job_id
        return self.wait_for_done(job_id, job_client)

使用示例：

CustomServerlessJobOperator(
    task_id='