在ASP中解决谋杀谜题可以使用规则和事实的方式来建模。以下是一个解决方案的示例代码:
% 定义谜题中的人物
person(john).
person(mary).
person(alice).
person(bob).
% 定义可能的武器
weapon(knife).
weapon(gun).
weapon(rope).
weapon(poison).
% 定义可能的地点
location(kitchen).
location(living_room).
location(bedroom).
location(garden).
% 定义可能的动机
motive(jealousy).
motive(revenge).
motive(greed).
motive(insanity).
% 规则:一个人可以使用一个武器杀死另一个人
kills(Person1, Person2, Weapon) :-
person(Person1), person(Person2),
Person1 \= Person2,
weapon(Weapon),
not(kills(Person1, _, Weapon)),
not(kills(_, Person2, Weapon)).
% 规则:一个人可以在一个地点杀人
commitsMurder(Person, Location) :-
person(Person),
location(Location),
not(commitsMurder(_, Location)).
% 规则:一个人可以因为某个动机而杀人
motiveForMurder(Person, Motive) :-
person(Person),
motive(Motive),
not(motiveForMurder(_, Motive)).
% 事实:某人在某个地点
at(Person, Location) :-
person(Person),
location(Location),
not(at(_, Location)).
% 事实:某人有某个动机
hasMotive(Person, Motive) :-
person(Person),
motive(Motive),
not(hasMotive(_, Motive)).
% 事实:某人死亡
dead(Person) :-
person(Person),
not(dead(_)).
% 事实:某人被杀死了
killed(Person, Weapon) :-
person(Person),
weapon(Weapon),
not(killed(_, Weapon)).
% 事实:某人没有杀人
notKilled(Person) :-
person(Person),
not(killed(Person, _)).
% 规则:某人被杀死了,只有一个凶手和一个地点
uniqueMurder(Person, Weapon, Location) :-
killed(Person, Weapon),
commitsMurder(Person, Location),
forall((killed(Person2, Weapon), Person \= Person2), false),
forall((commitsMurder(Person2, Location), Person \= Person2), false).
% 事实:根据题目提供的线索
at(john, kitchen).
at(mary, living_room).
at(alice, garden).
at(bob, bedroom).
hasMotive(john, jealousy).
hasMotive(mary, revenge).
hasMotive(alice, greed).
hasMotive(bob, insanity).
% 打印解决方案
solveMurder :-
dead(Victim),
uniqueMurder(Victim, Weapon, Location),
motiveForMurder(Perpetrator, Motive),
kills(Perpetrator, Victim, Weapon),
format('The murder was committed by ~w using ~w in the ~w.', [Perpetrator, Weapon, Location]).
使用上述代码,可以调用solveMurder
来解决谋杀谜题,并打印出谜题的解决方案。
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