1. 使用Python中的pandas库：

import pandas as pd

df1 = pd.read_excel('file1.xlsx') df2 = pd.read_excel('file2.xlsx')

按照某一列进行合并

merged_df = pd.merge(df1, df2, on='column_name')

对比两个表格的数据

diff_df = merged_df[df1.columns].ne(merged_df[df2.columns])

2. 使用VBA：

Sub CompareSheets()

Dim Sheet1 As Worksheet, Sheet2 As Worksheet
Dim RowCount1 As Long, RowCount2 As Long
Dim ColumnCount1 As Long, ColumnCount2 As Long
Dim Cell1 As Range, Cell2 As Range

Set Sheet1 = Worksheets("Sheet1")
Set Sheet2 = Worksheets("Sheet2")

RowCount1 = Sheet1.Cells(Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp).Row
RowCount2 = Sheet2.Cells(Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp).Row
ColumnCount1 = Sheet1.Cells(1, Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft).Column
ColumnCount2 = Sheet2.Cells(1, Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft).Column

For Each Cell1 In Sheet1.Range("A1").Resize(RowCount1, ColumnCount1)
    For Each Cell2 In Sheet2.Range("A1").Resize(RowCount2, ColumnCount2)
        If Cell1.Address = Cell2.Address Then
            If Cell1.Value <> Cell2.Value Then
                Debug.Print "Values are different at " & Cell1.Address
            End If
        End If
    Next Cell2
Next Cell1

End Sub