以下是使用AWS SDK for Python（Boto3）的代码示例，用于获取Amazon Cognito身份标识ID（sub）并获取与该ID相关联的S3存储桶名称：

import boto3

# 创建Cognito身份提供者的Boto3客户端
cognito_client = boto3.client('cognito-identity')

# 获取Cognito身份标识ID（sub）
response = cognito_client.get_id(IdentityPoolId='your_identity_pool_id')
identity_id = response['IdentityId']

# 创建S3的Boto3客户端
s3_client = boto3.client('s3')

# 列出与Cognito身份标识ID相关联的S3存储桶
response = s3_client.list_buckets()
buckets = response['Buckets']

for bucket in buckets:
    # 获取存储桶的名称
    bucket_name = bucket['Name']

    # 检查存储桶的访问策略是否允许Cognito身份标识ID访问
    response = s3_client.get_bucket_policy(Bucket=bucket_name)
    policy = response['Policy']

    if identity_id in policy:
        print(f"Cognito Identity ID: {identity_id}")
        print(f"S3 Bucket Name: {bucket_name}")

请确保在运行此代码之前，您已经正确配置了AWS CLI或者AWS密钥和访问密钥。