1. 导入相关的依赖：

  org.springframework.security
  spring-security-ldap
  5.5.0

2. 配置 Spring Security：

@Configuration
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(securedEnabled = true, prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .authorizeHttpRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
            .formLogin()
                .and()
            .httpBasic();
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth
            .ldapAuthentication()
                .userSearchBase("ou=people")
                .userSearchFilter("(uid={0})")
                .groupSearchBase("ou=groups")
                .groupSearchFilter("(member={0})")
                .contextSource()
                    .url("ldap://localhost:389/dc=springframework,dc=org")
                    .and()
                .passwordCompare()
                    .passwordEncoder(new LdapShaPasswordEncoder())
                    .passwordAttribute("userPassword");
    }

}

3. 在 Active Directory 中配置用户和角色，例如：

dn: cn=TestUser,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: person
objectclass: organizationalPerson
objectclass: inetOrgPerson
cn: TestUser
sn: User
userPassword: {SHA}X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ==
uid: testuser

dn: cn=testrole,ou=groups,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: groupOfNames
cn: testrole
member: cn=TestUser,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org

4. 在应用程序中使用 SecurityContextHolder 获取认证信息：

Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();