要遍历JavaScript中的if/elseif/else语句,您可以使用ANTLR(ANother Tool for Language Recognition)来进行词法分析和语法分析。ANTLR是一个非常强大的工具,可用于构建语法解析器。
下面是一个示例ANTLR语法文件,用于解析JavaScript中的if/elseif/else语句:
grammar JavaScript;
ifStatement: 'if' '(' condition ')' statement ( 'else' statement )?;
condition: expression;
statement: block | ifStatement;
block: '{' statement* '}';
expression: // 定义表达式规则
| '(' expression ')' #parenthesesExpression
| expression '.' Identifier #dotExpression
| expression '[' expression ']' #indexExpression
| expression '(' expressionList? ')' #functionCallExpression
| expression ('++' | '--') #postfixIncDecExpression
| ('++' | '--') expression #prefixIncDecExpression
| ('+' | '-') expression #unaryPlusMinusExpression
| ('~' | '!') expression #bitwiseNotExpression
| expression ('*' | '/' | '%') expression #multiplicativeExpression
| expression ('+' | '-') expression #additiveExpression
| expression ('<<' | '>>' | '>>>') expression #shiftExpression
| expression ('<' | '>' | '<=' | '>=') expression #relationalExpression
| expression ('==' | '!=' | '===' | '!==') expression #equalityExpression
| expression ('&' | '^' | '|') expression #bitwiseAndExpression
| expression '&&' expression #logicalAndExpression
| expression '||' expression #logicalOrExpression
| expression '?' expression ':' expression #ternaryExpression
| expression (',' expression)+ #commaExpression
| literalExpression #literalExpression
| Identifier #identifierExpression;
expressionList: expression (',' expression)*;
literalExpression:
| BooleanLiteral
| NumericLiteral
| StringLiteral
| NullLiteral;
BooleanLiteral: 'true' | 'false';
NumericLiteral: DecimalLiteral | HexIntegerLiteral;
DecimalLiteral: DecimalIntegerLiteral ('.' DecimalIntegerLiteral)? ExponentPart?;
DecimalIntegerLiteral: '0' | NonZeroDigit Digit*;
HexIntegerLiteral: '0x' HexDigit+;
StringLiteral: '"' StringCharacters? '"';
StringCharacters: StringCharacter+;
StringCharacter: ~["\n\r] | EscapeSequence;
EscapeSequence: '\\' [btnfr"'\\] | UnicodeEscapeSequence;
UnicodeEscapeSequence: '\\u' HexDigit HexDigit HexDigit HexDigit;
Identifier: IdentifierName - ReservedWord;
IdentifierName: IdentifierStart IdentifierPart*;
IdentifierStart: [a-zA-Z_$];
IdentifierPart: IdentifierStart | [0-9];
ReservedWord: // 省略保留字定义
WS: [ \t\r\n]+ -> skip;
以上示例中的语法规则描述了JavaScript中的各种语法结构,包括if/elseif/else语句。您可以根据自己的需要进行扩展和修改。
使用ANTLR生成解析器代码后,您可以使用ANTLR提供的API进行遍历和分析。下面是一个简单的示例,展示如何使用ANTLR解析JavaScript代码并遍历if/elseif/else语句:
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.*;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.tree.*;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 创建一个ANTLR的CharStream,从JavaScript代码中读取输入
CharStream input = CharStreams.fromFileName("input.js");
// 使用JavaScriptLexer对输入进行词法分析
JavaScriptLexer lexer = new JavaScriptLexer(input);
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
// 使用JavaScriptParser对词法分析结果进行语法分析
JavaScriptParser parser = new JavaScriptParser(tokens);
ParseTree tree = parser.program();
// 创建一个自定义的ParseTreeWalker
ParseTreeWalker walker = new ParseTreeWalker();
// 注册针对ifStatement规则的监听器
walker.walk(new JavaScriptListener(), tree);
}
public static class JavaScriptListener extends JavaScriptBaseListener {
@Override
public void enterIfStatement(JavaScriptParser.IfStatementContext ctx) {
// 进入ifStatement规则时的处理逻辑
System.out