在Angular中,可以使用Angular Universal来解决SEO问题。Angular Universal是一个服务器渲染的解决方案,能够将Angular应用程序渲染成字符串,并以HTML的方式发回给浏览器。这让搜索引擎和社交媒体爬虫能够更好地索引和渲染应用程序。
一些示例代码:
首先,需要安装Angular Universal:
npm install @nguniversal/express-engine --save
然后,创建一个server.ts文件:
import 'zone.js/dist/zone-node';
import * as express from 'express';
import {join} from 'path';
import {readFileSync} from 'fs';
import {enableProdMode} from '@angular/core';
import {renderModuleFactory} from '@nguniversal/express-engine';
enableProdMode();
const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8080;
const DIST_FOLDER = join(process.cwd(), 'dist');
const template = readFileSync(join(DIST_FOLDER, 'browser', 'index.html')).toString();
const {AppServerModuleNgFactory} = require('./dist/server/main');
app.engine('html', (_, options, callback) => {
const opts = {document: template, url: options.req.url};
renderModuleFactory(AppServerModuleNgFactory, opts)
.then(html => callback(null, html));
});
app.set('view engine', 'html');
app.set('views', join(DIST_FOLDER, 'browser'));
app.get('*.*', express.static(join(DIST_FOLDER, 'browser')));
app.get('*', (req, res) => {
res.render('index', {req});
});
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`Node server listening on http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});
这将创建一个基于Express服务器的Angular Universal应用程序,并在http://localhost:8080监听请求。注意,这需要在构建Angular应用程序之后运行,通过使用命令:
npm run build:ssr && npm run serve:ssr
最后,需要修改Angular应用程序的app.module.ts文件:
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserModule, BrowserTransferStateModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { TransferHttpCacheModule } from '@nguniversal/common';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule.withServerTransition({ appId: 'serverApp' }),
HttpClientModule,
TransferHttpCacheModule,
AppRoutingModule,
BrowserTransferStateModule
],
providers: [],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
启用withServerTransition方法,并添加BrowserTransferStateModule和TransferHttpCacheModule。
这样,Angular Universal就会将应用程序渲染为HTML,并且在浏览器或任何网络爬虫请求应用程序时,都会返回预渲染的HTML内容。