当在Angular Universal中使用XMLHttpRequest时,可能会遇到类似“在XMLHttpRequest.send处报错”的错误。这是由于在服务器端(Node.js)使用XMLHttpRequest对象会导致错误,因为它仅在浏览器环境下可用。
解决此问题的一种方法是使用Angular Universal提供的HttpClient模块来发送HTTP请求。以下是一个示例代码,演示如何在Angular Universal中使用HttpClient发送HTTP请求:
首先,确保你已经安装了HttpClient模块。在终端中运行以下命令:
npm install @angular/common
然后,在你的Angular Universal应用程序中,创建一个服务来处理HTTP请求。例如,创建一个名为HttpService
的服务:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
@Injectable()
export class HttpService {
constructor(private http: HttpClient) {}
getData(url: string) {
return this.http.get(url);
}
}
在你的组件中,注入HttpService
并使用它来发送HTTP请求:
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpService } from './http.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-my-component',
template: `
{{ data }}
`,
})
export class MyComponent implements OnInit {
data: any;
constructor(private httpService: HttpService) {}
ngOnInit() {
const url = 'https://api.example.com/data';
this.httpService.getData(url).subscribe((response) => {
this.data = response;
});
}
}
最后,在你的服务器端代码中,确保在渲染Angular应用程序之前调用provideModuleMap
方法,并将HttpClientModule添加到你的应用程序模块的imports数组中。例如,假设你的服务器端代码在server.ts
文件中:
import 'zone.js/dist/zone-node';
import 'reflect-metadata';
import { enableProdMode } from '@angular/core';
import { renderModuleFactory } from '@angular/platform-server';
import { provideModuleMap } from '@nguniversal/module-map-ngfactory-loader';
import * as express from 'express';
import { readFileSync } from 'fs';
import { join } from 'path';
import { AppServerModuleNgFactory, LAZY_MODULE_MAP } from './main.server';
enableProdMode();
const app = express();
const port = 4000;
const DIST_FOLDER = join(process.cwd(), 'dist');
const indexHtml = readFileSync(join(DIST_FOLDER, 'browser', 'index.html'), 'utf8');
const { AppServerModuleNgFactory, LAZY_MODULE_MAP } = require('./dist/server/main');
app.get('*.*', express.static(join(DIST_FOLDER, 'browser')));
app.get('*', (req, res) => {
renderModuleFactory(AppServerModuleNgFactory, {
document: indexHtml,
url: req.url,
extraProviders: [
provideModuleMap(LAZY_MODULE_MAP),
{ provide: 'serverUrl', useValue: `${req.protocol}://${req.get('host')}` },
],
}).then((html) => {
res.status(200).send(html);
});
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Server is listening on port ${port}`);
});
通过使用HttpClient模块,你可以在Angular Universal应用程序中发送HTTP请求,而无需使用XMLHttpRequest对象,从而避免了报错问题。